Cats bring joy, comfort, and laughter into our lives. But just like humans, cats can experience illnesses, including colds. Many cat owners worry: “Can my cat catch a cold from me?” The good news is that while cats can get colds, they cannot catch the common cold from humans. However, they are still susceptible to feline-specific upper respiratory infections (URIs). Understanding how these colds occur, their symptoms, and proper care is crucial for maintaining your cat’s health and well-being.
In this article, we’ll explore everything you need to know about cat colds—from symptoms and causes to treatment and prevention.
Can Cats Catch Colds From Humans?
No, cats cannot catch the common cold from humans. Cold viruses in humans, like rhinovirus or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), are species-specific and do not infect cats. Similarly, feline colds caused by viruses such as feline herpesvirus or feline calicivirus cannot be transmitted to humans.
While it is extremely rare for humans to transmit some viruses, such as influenza A or COVID-19 to cats, most upper respiratory infections in cats are independent of human colds. Nevertheless, it is always wise to practice good hygiene if you are sick—wash your hands before and after handling your cat and avoid close contact if you are infected with highly contagious viruses.
What Causes Colds in Cats?
Cat colds, also referred to as upper respiratory infections (URIs), can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. These pathogens are highly contagious among cats but are usually species-specific.
1. Viral Infections
The majority of feline colds are caused by viruses. The two most common are:
- Feline Herpesvirus (FHV-1):
Highly contagious, herpesvirus often infects cats as kittens. Cats may carry the virus for life, experiencing dormant periods until stress or a weakened immune system triggers a flare-up. Symptoms include sneezing, watery eyes, and nasal discharge. - Feline Calicivirus (FCV):
Another highly contagious virus that causes respiratory symptoms similar to herpesvirus. Calicivirus is more likely to cause oral ulcers and sometimes mild fever.
Vaccines are available for both viruses. While they may not completely prevent infection, vaccines reduce the severity of symptoms and help cats recover more quickly.
2. Bacterial Infections
Bacteria can also cause or worsen URIs in cats. Common culprits include:
- Chlamydia felis – causes mild respiratory symptoms and eye inflammation.
- Bordetella bronchiseptica – can lead to coughing and pneumonia, particularly in kittens.
- Pasteurella multocida – may cause infections if a cat has a weakened immune system.
3. Fungal Infections
Though less common, fungi such as Cryptococcus neoformans or Aspergillus can cause respiratory illness in cats. Fungal infections can be serious and sometimes life-threatening, requiring specialized veterinary care.
4. Environmental and Health Factors
Certain conditions increase a cat’s risk of colds:
- Poor ventilation in the home.
- Stress from boarding, new pets, or environmental changes.
- Chronic health issues like asthma, kidney disease, or compromised immunity.
- Exposure to infected cats, especially in shelters or catteries.
Symptoms of Cat Colds
Cats with URIs may show a variety of symptoms, ranging from mild to severe. Recognizing these signs early can prevent complications. Common symptoms include:
- Sneezing
- Runny or congested nose
- Watery, red, or inflamed eyes
- Mild fever
- Reduced appetite or difficulty eating
- Lethargy or decreased activity
- Mouth ulcers, gingivitis, or sore gums
- Congestion leading to snoring or noisy breathing
- Voice changes, such as hoarseness while meowing
Severe symptoms requiring immediate veterinary care include:
- Open-mouthed or labored breathing
- Persistent high fever
- Refusal to eat or drink
- Lethargy or unusual behavior changes
How Do Cats Catch Colds?
URIs are highly contagious among cats and are typically spread in the following ways:
- Direct Contact – Close contact with infected cats, especially in crowded conditions, like shelters or boarding facilities.
- Indirect Contact – Contact with contaminated surfaces, bedding, food bowls, or toys.
- Stress-Induced Recurrence – Cats carrying dormant viruses may flare up during stressful periods, causing them to show symptoms again.
Even indoor cats are at risk if exposed indirectly to pathogens brought in by humans, other pets, or contaminated objects.
How to Care for a Cat With a Cold
While most cat colds resolve within 7–10 days, supportive care at home can help your cat recover more comfortably and quickly.
1. Maintain a Comfortable Environment
- Keep your cat in a warm, quiet area with minimal stress.
- Provide cozy bedding and extra blankets.
- Isolate sick cats from other pets to prevent the spread of infection.
2. Encourage Proper Nutrition
- Offer strong-smelling, warm food to entice eating, as congestion can reduce appetite.
- Ensure your cat stays hydrated; warm water may encourage drinking.
3. Support Respiratory Health
- Use a humidifier or create steam by running a hot shower with your cat safely in the bathroom (without direct contact with water) to ease nasal congestion.
- Clean nasal and eye discharge gently with a damp cloth or saline solution.
4. Avoid Human Medications
Never give your cat human cold medications. Acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and other common medicines can be toxic. Only administer medications prescribed by a veterinarian.
5. Monitor Symptoms
Monitor any changes in your cat’s behaviour, appetite, or breathing. If symptoms worsen or persist beyond a week, contact your veterinarian immediately.
Veterinary Care for Cat Colds
Cats with mild URIs may not require medication, but veterinary care is essential if:
- Symptoms are severe or prolonged
- Secondary bacterial infections develop
- Kittens, older cats, or cats with chronic illnesses are affected
Veterinarians may prescribe:
- Antiviral medications for severe viral infections
- Antibiotics for secondary bacterial infections
- Eye ointments for conjunctivitis
- Fluids or hospitalization for dehydration or severe illness
A vet may also run diagnostic tests like PCR panels to determine the exact pathogen, particularly in recurrent or severe cases.
Preventing Colds in Cats
Prevention is always better than cure. Steps to minimize the risk of URIs include:
- Vaccination – Core vaccines like FVRCP protect against feline herpesvirus, calicivirus, and sometimes chlamydia.
- Hygiene – Keep litter boxes, bedding, and toys clean.
- Limit Exposure – Avoid contact with sick cats and maintain safe indoor spaces.
- Stress Management – Reduce stress through quiet areas, play, and consistent routines.
- Nutrition and Hydration – Feed high-quality cat food and ensure access to fresh water.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: Can kittens catch colds more easily?
Yes, kittens have immature immune systems and are more susceptible to URIs. Vaccination and careful monitoring are crucial.
Q2: Can indoor cats get colds?
Yes, even indoor cats can catch colds through indirect contact or stress-induced viral flare-ups.
Q3: How long do cat colds last?
Mild colds usually resolve within 7–10 days. Severe infections or secondary bacterial infections may extend recovery time.
Q4: Can cat colds lead to serious illness?
In rare cases, untreated or severe URIs can develop into pneumonia or chronic respiratory issues, especially in kittens or immunocompromised cats.
Final Thoughts
While cats cannot catch the common cold from humans, they are still vulnerable to feline-specific respiratory infections. By understanding the causes, recognizing symptoms, and providing proper care, cat owners can help their feline companions recover comfortably and avoid complications. Vaccinations, hygiene, proper nutrition, and stress reduction are key to prevention.
Remember, if your cat exhibits severe symptoms or does not improve, seek veterinary care immediately. A well-cared-for cat is not only healthier but also happier, ensuring many years of companionship and joy.